Algunas tesis sobre convergencias, divergencias y conflictos territoriales entre comunidades étnico-rurales en Montes de María

Abstract

spa:Este trabajo investigativo indaga sobre los diferentes procesos de adjudicación de tierras para comunidades rurales a través de la constitución de tres figuras de ordenamiento territorial (resguardo indígena, título colectivo para comunidades afrodescendientes y zona de reserva campesina) de manera simultánea en la región de Montes de María. Haciendo énfasis en la manera como el proyecto multicultural incide en las lógicas de constitución de políticas territoriales en Colombia, las cuales han sido constituidas de manera desigual, generando un acceso diferenciado a la adjudicación de tierras, promoviendo discursividades específicas y diferenciadas sobre el territorio y a su vez, generando conflictos entre las comunidades que residen en este territorio.

eng:This research project analyzes the configuration and transformation of the different understandings of the concept of territoriality within the ethnic and peasant communities in the rural areas of Montes de María, which were potentiated by the Colombian Multicultural Project (Political Constitution of Colombia, 1991) and that have influenced the current delimitation of territorial conflicts/disputes? in this region. To achieve this goal, we took into account 1) a historical analysis of the perceptions of different Afro-descendant, indigenous and peasant leaders of different generations about the territory by conducting indepth interviews; 2) a study on the different adjudication processes of three types of rural land use planning (collective titles for black communities, indigenous and peasant reserve areas) to the National Land Agency through each of the filings, forms and responses on the state of formalization of their respective types of land use planning; 3) a cartographic analysis of the polygons (and their respective modifications made over time) to which are aimed through each of these types of territorial planning and 4) the identification of territorial conflicts/disputes? due to the overlap and limitations of such geographical polygons. Conflicts that take place in an ideological and political field framed by identity and ethnic issues are. At present non-existing in the territorial field since the formalization of each one of these types of territorial planning has not been established and the possible tensions between these rural communities are established under imagined and future territorialities.